Jeffrey Gelfand M.D., principal investigator at VIC, recently published research results that show menadione (Vitamin K3) acting as a photosensitizer that increases the effectiveness of antimicrobial blue light therapy, specifically enhancing the microbicidal effectiveness of the light therapy, in treatment of biofilm infections. Findings indicate the modality as a potential alternative to antibiotic therapy, with the possibility of avoiding further development of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in biofilm infections.